This detailed map, created in 2024 by Gustav Ståhlberg, shows the political situation in Europe in 1812.
This year, Europe is embroiled in the Napoleonic Wars. The Spanish War of Independence has divided Spain between those loyal to Joseph Bonaparte and those loyal to the Cortes of Cadiz, which has the support of the British and Portuguese. Napoleon has taken control of much of Europe and a few years earlier, in 1805, he had dissolved the Holy Roman Empire, which was replaced by the Confederation of the Rhine and multiple French vassal states.
In the Balkans, the war between Turkey and Russia has just ended, while Serbia has just rebelled against the Ottoman Empire. Russia, which had been an ally of France since 1807, had not participated in the blockade of the United Kingdom, which ends with Napoleon confronting Russia and begins in 1812 with his invasion.
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