This map, created by Daniel Aparicio Pindado for El Orden Mundial in 2016, shows the main US interventions in Latin America from 1950 to 2010.
In blue are all the countries that have suffered some form of US interventionism, the most prominent events (in chronological order):
- 1950 - Puerto Rico (Truman)Nationalist insurrection overthrown by the National Guard.
- 1954 - Guatemala (Eisenhower)CIA-orchestrated coup d'état against democratically elected President Jacobo Árbenz.
- 1961 - Cuba (Kennedy): Invasion of the Bay of Pigs by anti-Castro forces with the support of the United States. The action was neutralised by Fidel Castro's forces. Trade, economic and financial embargo.
- 1964 - Panama (Johnson): Martyrs' Day. The US cracked down hard on the protest against its presence and control in the Canal Zone. There were 28 dead, 300 injured and 500 arrested.
- 1964 - Brazil (Johnson): Military coup d'état against President João Goulart with the support of the United States under the operation called Brother Sam.
- 1965 - Dominican Republic (Johnson)Intervention after the Dominican Civil War in search of stabilisation for fear of creating a new Cuba.
- 1967 - Bolivia (Johnson)Ernesto Che Guevara was assassinated by the Bolivian government with the help of the CIA.
- 1973 - Chile (Nixon)General Pinochet's coup d'état with the support of the CIA and the US government. It led to a military dictatorship.
- 1975 - Operation Condor (Ford)The plan of coordination of actions and mutual support between the leaders of the dictatorial regimes of the Southern Cone of America, with the support of the United States. It led to the murder and disappearance of tens of thousands of opponents.
- 1976 - Argentina (Ford)Military coup d'état supported by the US government. A civilian-military dictatorship marked by state terrorism (some 30,000 disappeared) began. The School of the Americas trained Leopoldo Galtieri, president of the dictatorship in 1981-1982.
- 1980 - 1992: El Salvador (Reagan)During the Salvadoran Civil War, the United States provided economic support to the government in its fight against the communist-oriented FMLN.
- 1981 - 1990: Nicaragua (Reagan)The government supported the opposition to the new Sandinista government, Las Contras, with funding and military support, which oriented its struggle towards terrorism.
- 1989 - Panama (Bush)Invasion of the country with some 26,000 soldiers to capture General Manuel Noriega, accused of drug trafficking. There were around 3,000 victims.
- 1999 - Colombia (Clinton)The US Congress approved an aid package (Plan Colombia) for military and police support. Aerial spraying policies forced a rural exodus of more than a million peasants.
- 2002 - Venezuela (Bush)The coup d'état took place with US support. Chávez regained control days later.
- 2004 - Haiti (Bush)Deposition of President Jean Bertrand Aristide with the help of France and the United Kingdom as part of the MINUSTAH operation.
- 2009 - Colombia (Obama): Deployment of US troops to 7 Colombian military bases to gain a better foothold in the fight against drug trafficking.
- 2009 - Honduras (Obama): The School of the Americas trained soldiers to overthrow the democratically elected president, Manuel Zelaya.
- 2010 - Costa Rica (Obama): Under the pretext of the fight against drug trafficking, the Costa Rican government approved the entry of 7,000 marines, 46 ships and 200 helicopters.
- 2010 - Haiti (Obama): Increased US militarisation taking advantage of the weakening caused by Haiti's 7.0 magnitude earthquake.
US interventionism after World War II is often well understood in the context of the Cold War, but it is important to understand that US interventionism existed before World War II and also after the fall of the Soviet Union. This other map shows US interventions around the world over a broader period..
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