This map of the province of Santiago del Estero, drawn by the Peruvian cartographer Mariano Felipe Paz Soldán, was published in 1888 as part of the Geographical atlas of the Argentine Republic.
The map shows the province of Santiago del Estero with its constituent departments, the river system, the main population centres and the communications infrastructure of the late 19th century.
An interesting detail can be observed in the Mailín department, where the Avipones and Montaraces indigenous peoples are mentioned, with numerous forts to the south (F. Navicha, F. Aspirante, F. Suncho Pozo, F. República, F. Taluada, F. Urquiza), which form a military frontier within the provincial boundaries themselves. This reflects the effective extent of Argentine state control in 1888 in this region of the country.
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